Google Earth Engine-Based Identification of Flood Extent and Flood-Affected Paddy Rice Fields Using Sentinel-2 MSI and Sentinel-1 SAR Data in Bihar State, India

Flood is the major cause of fatalities associated with natural disasters in world. In India especially state Bihar, where about half area (North Bihar) gets flooded every year due to overflow rivers during rainy season. Which severely affects human lives, properties, agricultural production, farmers and their livelihood. Usually, basins Kosi Gandak are known for worst Bihar. Synthetic aperture radar (SAR) widely used robust monitoring flood events its ability image surface earth all weather conditions. However, limited studies available on patterns Bihar impact agriculture. Here, we investigated extents affected paddy rice fields months June–October (2020) using accessible Sentinel-1 SAR Sentinel-2 MSI images additional supporting datasets Google Earth Engine. The study showed that a large portion (7019 km2) was submerged monsoon floodwater remains 50 65 days causing severe damage Kharif crops, mainly rice. extreme effect seen lands (11.23% total area) populations (15.56% population) Satellite-based identification progression can be helpful decision-makers at time disaster prioritize relief rescue operations.